Factors that Affect Blood Pressure

Did you know that, according to the World Health Organization, it is estimated that 1.28 billion people (aged 30-79) in the world have hypertension? Surely, not all 1+ billion people with hypertension have the same cause, right? Listed below are 11 factors that can contribute to changes in blood pressure. 

1. Exercise: Lack of exercise over time can lead to weight gain and cause higher blood pressure. Exercise can also temporarily raise the blood pressure, which should resolve on its own. Getting into a regular exercise routine can improve cardiovascular health and help lower blood pressure naturally. 
2. Age: As we age, our blood vessels stiffen and harden, increasing the risk of high blood pressure.
3. Nutrition: Diets high in sodium and/or low in potassium can lead to high blood pressure as these electrolytes balance one another out in the body. 
4. Hormones: Hormones like aldosterone, cortisol, and catecholamines can affect the blood pressure due to their influence on fluid and electrolyte balance. 
5. Stress: Changes in blood pressure due to stress are generally temporary due to changes in lifestyle and eating habits to assist with coping to high stress levels.
6. Certain Chronic Conditions: Kidney disease and diabetes are two of the most common contributing factors to hypertension.
7. Smoking/Vaping: The nicotine and chemicals in cigarettes and vapes can cause the blood vessels to narrow, causing the heart to beat faster, subsequently raising blood pressure. 
8. Alcohol Consumption: Alcohol can increase blood pressure temporarily, but over time, it can lead to long term increases. Additionally, alcohol can lead to weight gain that will potentially lead to an increase in blood pressure as well. 
9. Prescription and Non-Prescription Drugs: heart medication, steroids, diuretics, and drugs for pain management can all influence blood pressure.
10. Pain: Pain can cause an increase in the heart rate and thus increase the blood pressure.
11. Sleep Apnea: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) can cause high blood pressure due to a drop in blood oxygen levels. This can also have an effect on the cardiovascular system and kidney function, both of which may also contribute to hypertension.

Each person is different and can have multiple other factors working both with or against them when it comes to managing their blood pressure. If you have hypertension, consider the factors that are within your control and what you can do to improve your health. Make an appointment with Dr. Munjal for a consultation and additional guidance on your blood pressure management. As always, stay safe and healthy!


Resources:
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/hypertension

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