Kidney Korner: Fluid Intake- Dehydration

By: Kayla Holmes

We’ve touched on what fluids are, how much too much can be, so it’s only right that we touch on dehydration to round out this segment of the Kidney Korner. Dehydration is simply when the body doesn’t have enough fluids to complete normal functions or when fluid intake is less than fluids lost. With summer in full swing, it is important to know the signs and symptoms of dehydration and how to treat it. Let’s discuss what causes dehydration, what symptoms to watch out for, and what to do if you become dehydrated. 

What does dehydration have to do with my kidneys?
Your kidneys control the fluid balance in your body. When you become dehydrated, your kidneys will have to work harder to try to maintain a fluid balance as well as perform their other functions. Dehydration can lead to increased blood pressure, a potential Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), or the worsening of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD).

What causes dehydration?

• Nausea and vomiting
  
• Diarrhea
  
• Sweating (heat, exercise, illness, etc.)
  
• Infections
  
• Medications- some medications can increase the risk of dehydration by increasing urination or reducing appetite
  

How do I know if I’m dehydrated?

• Excess or complete absence of sweating or tears when crying
  
• Nausea
  
• Fatigue
  
• Confusion
  
• Lack of urination
  
• Dark urine
  
• Extreme thirst
  

What do I do if I’m dehydrated?

• Increase fluid intake* (avoid consuming too much too quickly)
  
• Rest in a cool, shaded area, preferably indoors
  
• Eat a salty snack to help replenish salts and reduce upset stomach
  
• If severely dehydrated, seek medical attention immediately
  

Munjal’s Musings:
Dehydration occurs when the amount of fluids taken in is less than the fluids lost. Let's say you drink a gallon of fluids a day. Keeping that in mind, look at the two following scenarios:

1. You spend the day inside reading, watching a movie, and doing light chores. You are well hydrated and not losing as much as you’re taking in.
   
2. You spend the day outside, in the sun, doing yard work and swimming in the pool. You become dehydrated due to sweating and losing more fluid than you’re taking in.
   

Dehydration can be very dangerous if left untreated.  This summer, remain mindful of the causes and symptoms of dehydration and learn to treat them immediately. Remember, hydration is a very delicate balancing act, so be sure to consult with a physician regarding your specific needs. What works for some, will not work for others. Tailor your needs accordingly and, as always, stay safe and healthy! 

*If you are on a fluid restricted diet, consult with your doctor and discuss these scenarios.

To read our previous Kidney Korner posts on fluids, see the links below!
Kidney Korner: Fluid Intake- Part 1
Kidney Korner: Fluid Intake- Part 2

​